A client has a fractured femur and is scheduled for surgery and stabilization with internal fixation. The nurse is assessing the client for the development of a fat embolism. What early assessment findings would suggest the development of this complication?
1. Swelling and redness in the affected area.
2. Blood and fat in the stool
3. Hypotension
4. Confusion and restlessness
Answer: 4
Confusion and restlessness are early signs of hypoxia. A fat embolism travels through the venous system to the lungs, where it lodges and causes an interstitial pneumonitis; this will precipitate symptoms of acute respiratory distress. Swelling and redness of the affected area would a normal observation. Blood and fat in the stool is not an indication of a fat embolism. The client may experience hypotension, but hypotension is not as specific as changes in orientation and level of consciousness.
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