How does GABA cause inhibition?

How does GABA cause inhibition?

Answer: Increasing the flow of Cl- ions into cells.

How do Benzodiazepines work?

How do Benzodiazepines work?

Answer: Anxiolytics; Co-activators of GABA

Describe how ADHD medications alter the brain?

Describe how ADHD medications alter the brain?

Answer: Flooding the brain with dopamine will lead to desensitizes post-synaptic receptors.

Why is ADHD treatment considered paradoxical?

Why is ADHD treatment considered paradoxical?

Answer: Dopamine-stimulating drugs would cause hyperactivity in normal patients.

What is the most effective treatment for ADHD?

What is the most effective treatment for ADHD?

Answer: Indirect dopamine agonists (co-agonists)

Why are combination treatment effective in Bipolar Disorder?

Why are combination treatment effective in Bipolar Disorder?

Answer:

• Antipsychotics regulate mood
• Antidepressants stabilize mood

What antipsychotic alone can treat bipolar disorder?

What antipsychotic alone can treat bipolar disorder?

Answer: Risperidone (atypical antipsychotic)

What are the 2 treatments used for bipolar disorder?

What are the 2 treatments used for bipolar disorder?

Answer:

• Lithium.
• Antipsychotic/Antidepressant combination.

How does the transition of cycles in bipolar disorder change as the disease progresses?

How does the transition of cycles in bipolar disorder change as the disease progresses?

Answer: Longer cycles during early stages and more rapid cycles later on

Bipolar Disorder is characterized by:

Bipolar Disorder is characterized by:

Answer: period of alternation mania and depression

What type of rhythm does melatonin secretion follow and where?

What type of rhythm does melatonin secretion follow and where?

Answer: Circadian Rhythm in the SCN.

How can phototherapy treat SAD?

How can phototherapy treat SAD?

Answer: By suppressing melatonin in the day which is though to aid SAD.

What does the relationships between HPA and Depression suggest?

What does the relationships between HPA and Depression suggest?

Answer: relationship between stress and depression.

What is Cushing's Syndrome caused by?

What is Cushing's Syndrome caused by?

Answer: High levels of adrenal glucocorticoids that lead to depression.

What is the benefit of using SSRIs to treat depression?

What is the benefit of using SSRIs to treat depression?

Answer: They do not affect dopamine or NE synapses.

What monoamine is most likely to play a role in depression?

What monoamine is most likely to play a role in depression?

Answer: Serotonin

How is Schizophrenia diagnosed?

How is Schizophrenia diagnosed?

Answer: Smooth pursuit of eye movements exam.

What is the relationship between stress and Schizophrenia?

What is the relationship between stress and Schizophrenia?

Answer: A person with genetic susceptibility to the disease is more likely to develop it if exposed to stressful environment.

What are the advantages of glycine?

What are the advantages of glycine?

Answer: Treat negative symptoms & cognitive dysfunction

What type of drug is Glycine and what is it used to treat?

What type of drug is Glycine and what is it used to treat?

Answer:

1. Co-agonist of NMDA receptors.
2. Increases the signal for glutamate without overstimulating the receptor.